Lead & Lead Paint COSHH assessment
Lead is found in old paint (pre-1970s), roofing flashing and some solders. Sanding, burning or cutting lead paint releases dust and fume that are toxic and covered by their own regulations, not just COSHH.
The hazards
- Lead dust and fume from sanding, burning or cutting
- Toxic - accumulates in the body over time
- Especially harmful to pregnant workers and young people
- Old paint (pre-1970s) is a common hidden source
Who is at risk
Exposure routes
- Inhalation of dust and fume
- Ingestion (hand-to-mouth)
- Skin contact
Health effects
- Damage to the nervous system, kidneys and blood
- Headaches, tiredness and abdominal pain
- Harm to fertility and to an unborn child
- Long-term organ damage
Control measures (hierarchy of control)
Controls should be applied in order — eliminate or substitute first, then engineering controls, then PPE as the last line.
- Test old paint for lead before disturbing it
- Avoid dry-sanding and burning - use wet methods or chemical strippers
- Local exhaust ventilation and containment for hot work
- Strict hygiene - no eating, drinking or smoking; wash before breaks
- Blood-lead monitoring where exposure is significant
PPE & RPE
- FFP3 mask or powered respirator (face-fit tested)
- Disposable coveralls
- Gloves
- Eye protection
First aid
- Remove from exposure and wash thoroughly
- Anyone feeling unwell should get medical advice and mention possible lead exposure
- Report and record exposure incidents
Workplace exposure limit (WEL)
Relevant legislation & guidance
Lead & Lead Paint COSHH FAQs
Lead has its own regulations - the Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002 - which sit alongside COSHH. If your work disturbs lead paint or leadwork, you need a lead risk assessment covering the airborne limit, hygiene and health surveillance.
Assume paint from before the 1970s may contain lead and test it before sanding or burning. Never dry-sand or burn suspected lead paint - use wet methods or chemical strippers with the right controls.
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