Solvents COSHH assessment
Solvents in paints, thinners, adhesives and degreasers evaporate readily and are absorbed through the lungs and skin. They can cause headaches, dermatitis and, with long-term exposure, nerve and organ damage.
The hazards
- Volatile — vapours build up quickly in enclosed spaces
- Many are flammable
- Absorbed through the skin as well as inhaled
- Some are reproductive or nervous-system toxins
Who is at risk
Exposure routes
- Inhalation of vapour
- Skin absorption
- Eye contact
Health effects
- Headaches, dizziness and nausea
- Dermatitis
- Long-term nerve and organ damage with heavy exposure
- Fire risk from vapours
Control measures (hierarchy of control)
Controls should be applied in order — eliminate or substitute first, then engineering controls, then PPE as the last line.
- Substitute for water-based or low-solvent products where possible
- Ventilate the work area; use LEV for spraying
- Keep containers closed and control ignition sources
- Limit exposure time and rotate tasks
- Skin protection and no eating, drinking or smoking in the area
PPE & RPE
- Solvent-resistant gloves (check breakthrough time)
- Eye protection
- Appropriate respirator for spraying (organic vapour filter or air-fed)
First aid
- Move to fresh air
- Wash skin with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
- Irrigate eyes with clean water and seek medical advice
Workplace exposure limit (WEL)
Relevant legislation & guidance
Solvents COSHH FAQs
Usually a lighter one, but yes — even low-solvent products can contain hazardous ingredients. Check the safety data sheet; substituting solvent-based for water-based products is one of the best controls you can put in place.
Many solvents are volatile and flammable, and their vapours are heavier than air, so they can build up and ignite from a spark. This is why DSEAR applies alongside COSHH and ignition sources must be controlled.
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